Health care of Kyrgyzstan
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Trends and Dynamics of Measles and Rubella in the Kyrgyz Republic (2002–2025)

https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
Trends and Dynamics of Measles and Rubella in the Kyrgyz Republic (2002–2025)
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Abstract About the authors References

Abstract

Introduction. Measles and rubella remain important public health concerns despite long-standing vaccination programmes. In recent years, countries in Europe and Central Asia have experienced a resurgence of measles, driven by fluctuations in vaccination coverage and disruptions of routine immunization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Assessing the epidemiological situation in the Kyrgyz Republic is essential for achieving the WHO regional goals for measles and rubella elimination. Objective — to evaluate long-term trends in measles and rubella incidence in the Kyrgyz Republic during 2002-2025 and to assess the impact of vaccination coverage on the epidemic process. Materials and methods. A retrospective epidemiological study was conducted using official national data on disease incidence and population demographics. Annual incidence rates, inter-epidemic fluctuations and epidemic peaks were analyzed. Measles virus genotyping was performed in a WHO-accredited reference laboratory. Results. Four major measles outbreaks were identified during the study period: in 2011, 2024-2015, 2018-2019 and 2023-2025. The largest outbreak in 2014-2015 reached 297.7 per 100 000 population and was associated with circulation of the imported D8 genotype. The 2023-2024 surge was characterized by the spread of multiple genetic variants. Inter-epidemic periods showed low incidence levels, indicating the accumulation of susceptible individuals when vaccination coverage declines. Rubella incidence demonstrated a sustained long-term decrease, presenting mostly sporadic cases after 2010, consistent with pre-elimination status. Key factors contributing to measles outbreaks included insufficient vaccination coverage, population mobility and the impact of COVID-19-related disruptions. Conclusion. Kyrgyzstan is close to achieving rubella elimination; however, sustaining measles elimination requires vaccination coverage ≥95 %, strengthened epidemiological surveillance and molecular monitoring of circulating strains.

About the authors

Даданова Гулзада Сапарбековна, врач-эпидемиолог, Республиканский центр иммунопрофилактики Министерства здравоохранения, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Нурматов Зуридин Шарипович, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель Научно-практического центра по контролю вирусных инфекций Национального института общественного здоровья, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Ишенапысова Гульбара Сатыгуловна, директор Республиканского центра иммунопрофилактики Министерства здравоохранения, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Жумагулова Гульнара Джумадыловна, заместитель директора Республиканского центра иммунопрофилактики, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Dadanova Gulzada Saparbekovna, epidemiologist, Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis of the Ministry of Health, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Nurmatov Zuridin Sharipovich, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Head of the Scientific and Practical Center for the Control of Viral Infections of the National Institute of Public Health, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Ishenapysova Gulbara Satygulovna, Director of the Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis of the Ministry of Health, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Zhumagulova Gulnara Dzhumadylovna, Deputy Director of the Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Даданова Гүлзада Сапарбековна, эпидемиолог, Саламаттыкты сактоо министрлигинин Республикалык иммунопрофилактика борборунун кызматкери, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

Нурматов Зуридин Шарипович, медицина илимдеринин доктору, улук илимий кызматкер, Улуттук коомдук саламаттыкты сактоо институтунун Вирустук инфекцияларды көзөмөлдөө боюнча илимий-практикалык борборунун жетекчиси, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

Ишенапысова Гүлбара Сатыгуловна, Саламаттыкты сактоо министрлигинин Республикалык иммунопрофилактика борборунун директору, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

Жумагулова Гүлнара Жумадыловна, Республикалык иммунопрофилактика борборунун директорунун орун басары, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

References

1. World Health Organization. Руководство ВОЗ по лабораторной диагностике кори и краснухи. 2007;

2. EXECUTIVE BOARD EB125/4 125th Session Global elimination of measles Report by the Secretariat. 2009;

3. Minta AA, Ferrari M, Antoni S, Lambert B, Sayi TS, Hsu CH, et al. Progress Toward Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000- 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Nov 14;73(45):1036-42.

4. European Region reports highest number of measles cases in more than 25 years - UNICEF, WHO/Europe [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/13-03-2025-european-region-reports-highest-number-of- measles-cases-in-more-than-25-years---unicef--who-europe

5. In Focus: From surviving to thriving Supporting health and well-being throughout childhood and adolescence in Europe and Central Asia.

6. Kyrgyzstan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision. 2024;

7. Popova AY, Smirnov VS, Egorova SA, Nurmatov ZS, Milichkina AM, Drozd IV, et al. Collective Immunity to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in the Kyrgyz Population. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet]. 2025 Mar 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];13(3):249. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/249/htm

8. Andrus JK, Rota PA, Papania M, Bahl S, Durrheim DN, Kretsinger K, et al. Progress and Challenges in Measles and Rubella Elimination in the WHO European Region. Vaccines 2024, Vol 12, Page 696 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 20 [cited 2025 Nov 13];12(6): 696. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/6/696/htm

9. Grant GB, Masresha BG, Moss WJ, Mulders MN, Rota PA, Omer SB, et al. Accelerating measles and rubella elimination through research and innovation - Findings from the Measles & Rubella Initiative research prioritization process, 2016. Vaccine [Internet]. 2019 Sep 10 [cited 2025 Nov 9];37(38):5754. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7412823/

10. Crowcroft NS, Minta AA, Antoni S, Ho LL, Perea W, Mulders MN, et al. Global challenges and solutions to achieving and sus- taining measles and rubella elimination. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Nov 9];48:e90. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648097/

11. Winter AK, Lambert B, Klein D, Klepac P, Papadopoulos T, Truelove S, et al. Feasibility of measles and rubella vaccination pro grammes for disease elimination: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health [Internet]. 2022 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];10(10). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9557212/

12. Central Asia is a hot spot for measles - WHO data | Eurasianet [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from:https://eurasia net.org/central-asia-is-a-hot-spot-for-measles-who-data

1. World Health Organization. Руководство ВОЗ по лабораторной диагностике кори и краснухи. 2007;

2. EXECUTIVE BOARD EB125/4 125th Session Global elimination of measles Report by the Secretariat. 2009;

3. Minta AA, Ferrari M, Antoni S, Lambert B, Sayi TS, Hsu CH, et al. Progress Toward Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000- 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Nov 14;73(45):1036-42.

4. European Region reports highest number of measles cases in more than 25 years - UNICEF, WHO/Europe [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/13-03-2025-european-region-reports-highest-number-of- measles-cases-in-more-than-25-years---unicef--who-europe

5. In Focus: From surviving to thriving Supporting health and well-being throughout childhood and adolescence in Europe and Central Asia.

6. Kyrgyzstan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision. 2024;

7. Popova AY, Smirnov VS, Egorova SA, Nurmatov ZS, Milichkina AM, Drozd IV, et al. Collective Immunity to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in the Kyrgyz Population. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet]. 2025 Mar 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];13(3):249. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/249/htm

8. Andrus JK, Rota PA, Papania M, Bahl S, Durrheim DN, Kretsinger K, et al. Progress and Challenges in Measles and Rubella Elimination in the WHO European Region. Vaccines 2024, Vol 12, Page 696 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 20 [cited 2025 Nov 13];12(6): 696. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/6/696/htm

9. Grant GB, Masresha BG, Moss WJ, Mulders MN, Rota PA, Omer SB, et al. Accelerating measles and rubella elimination through research and innovation - Findings from the Measles & Rubella Initiative research prioritization process, 2016. Vaccine [Internet]. 2019 Sep 10 [cited 2025 Nov 9];37(38):5754. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7412823/

10. Crowcroft NS, Minta AA, Antoni S, Ho LL, Perea W, Mulders MN, et al. Global challenges and solutions to achieving and sus- taining measles and rubella elimination. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Nov 9];48:e90. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648097/

11. Winter AK, Lambert B, Klein D, Klepac P, Papadopoulos T, Truelove S, et al. Feasibility of measles and rubella vaccination pro grammes for disease elimination: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health [Internet]. 2022 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];10(10). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9557212/

12. Central Asia is a hot spot for measles - WHO data | Eurasianet [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from:https://eurasia net.org/central-asia-is-a-hot-spot-for-measles-who-data

1. World Health Organization. Руководство ВОЗ по лабораторной диагностике кори и краснухи. 2007;

2. EXECUTIVE BOARD EB125/4 125th Session Global elimination of measles Report by the Secretariat. 2009;

3. Minta AA, Ferrari M, Antoni S, Lambert B, Sayi TS, Hsu CH, et al. Progress Toward Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000- 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Nov 14;73(45):1036-42.

4. European Region reports highest number of measles cases in more than 25 years - UNICEF, WHO/Europe [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/13-03-2025-european-region-reports-highest-number-of- measles-cases-in-more-than-25-years---unicef--who-europe

5. In Focus: From surviving to thriving Supporting health and well-being throughout childhood and adolescence in Europe and Central Asia.

6. Kyrgyzstan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision. 2024;

7. Popova AY, Smirnov VS, Egorova SA, Nurmatov ZS, Milichkina AM, Drozd IV, et al. Collective Immunity to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in the Kyrgyz Population. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet]. 2025 Mar 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];13(3):249. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/249/htm

8. Andrus JK, Rota PA, Papania M, Bahl S, Durrheim DN, Kretsinger K, et al. Progress and Challenges in Measles and Rubella Elimination in the WHO European Region. Vaccines 2024, Vol 12, Page 696 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 20 [cited 2025 Nov 13];12(6): 696. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/6/696/htm

9. Grant GB, Masresha BG, Moss WJ, Mulders MN, Rota PA, Omer SB, et al. Accelerating measles and rubella elimination through research and innovation - Findings from the Measles & Rubella Initiative research prioritization process, 2016. Vaccine [Internet]. 2019 Sep 10 [cited 2025 Nov 9];37(38):5754. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7412823/

10. Crowcroft NS, Minta AA, Antoni S, Ho LL, Perea W, Mulders MN, et al. Global challenges and solutions to achieving and sus- taining measles and rubella elimination. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Nov 9];48:e90. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648097/

11. Winter AK, Lambert B, Klein D, Klepac P, Papadopoulos T, Truelove S, et al. Feasibility of measles and rubella vaccination pro grammes for disease elimination: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health [Internet]. 2022 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];10(10). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9557212/

12. Central Asia is a hot spot for measles - WHO data | Eurasianet [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from:https://eurasia net.org/central-asia-is-a-hot-spot-for-measles-who-data

Keywords
Vaccination , Epidemiology , Measles , Rubella , Incidence , Elimination , Viral genotyping
Для цитирования

Даданова Г.С., Нурматов З.Ш., Ишенапысова Г.С., Жумагулова Г.Ж. Тенденции и динамика кори и краснухи в Кыргызской Республике (2002–2025 гг.). Научно-практический журнал «Здравоохранение Кыргызстана» 2026, № 1, с. 62-69. https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
For citation

Dadanova G.S., Nurmatov Z.Sh., Ishenapysova G.S., Zhu - magulova G.J. Trends and Dynamics of Measles and Rubel la in the Kyrgyz Republic (2002–2025). Scientific and practical journal “Health care of Kyrgyzstan” 2026, No.1, p. 62- 69. https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
Цитата үчүн

Даданова Г.С., Нурматов З.Ш., Ишенапысова Г.С., Жумагулова Г.Ж. Кыргыз Республикасындагы кызамык жана кызылча оорусунун тенденциялары жана динамикасы (2002–2025-жж.). Кыргызстандын саламаттык сактоо
илимий-практикалык журналы 2026, № 1, б. 62-69. https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
Authors Dadanova G.S., Ishenapysova G.S., Zhumagulova G.J. , Nurmatov Z.Sh.
Link doi.org https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
Pages 62-69
Keywords Vaccination, Epidemiology, Measles, Rubella, Incidence, Elimination, Viral genotyping
Russian
Об авторах

Даданова Гулзада Сапарбековна, врач-эпидемиолог, Республиканский центр иммунопрофилактики Министерства здравоохранения, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Нурматов Зуридин Шарипович, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель Научно-практического центра по контролю вирусных инфекций Национального института общественного здоровья, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Ишенапысова Гульбара Сатыгуловна, директор Республиканского центра иммунопрофилактики Министерства здравоохранения, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Жумагулова Гульнара Джумадыловна, заместитель директора Республиканского центра иммунопрофилактики, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

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PDF (RUS)
Список литературы

1. World Health Organization. Руководство ВОЗ по лабораторной диагностике кори и краснухи. 2007;

2. EXECUTIVE BOARD EB125/4 125th Session Global elimination of measles Report by the Secretariat. 2009;

3. Minta AA, Ferrari M, Antoni S, Lambert B, Sayi TS, Hsu CH, et al. Progress Toward Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000- 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Nov 14;73(45):1036-42.

4. European Region reports highest number of measles cases in more than 25 years - UNICEF, WHO/Europe [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/13-03-2025-european-region-reports-highest-number-of- measles-cases-in-more-than-25-years---unicef--who-europe

5. In Focus: From surviving to thriving Supporting health and well-being throughout childhood and adolescence in Europe and Central Asia.

6. Kyrgyzstan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision. 2024;

7. Popova AY, Smirnov VS, Egorova SA, Nurmatov ZS, Milichkina AM, Drozd IV, et al. Collective Immunity to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in the Kyrgyz Population. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet]. 2025 Mar 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];13(3):249. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/249/htm

8. Andrus JK, Rota PA, Papania M, Bahl S, Durrheim DN, Kretsinger K, et al. Progress and Challenges in Measles and Rubella Elimination in the WHO European Region. Vaccines 2024, Vol 12, Page 696 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 20 [cited 2025 Nov 13];12(6): 696. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/6/696/htm

9. Grant GB, Masresha BG, Moss WJ, Mulders MN, Rota PA, Omer SB, et al. Accelerating measles and rubella elimination through research and innovation - Findings from the Measles & Rubella Initiative research prioritization process, 2016. Vaccine [Internet]. 2019 Sep 10 [cited 2025 Nov 9];37(38):5754. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7412823/

10. Crowcroft NS, Minta AA, Antoni S, Ho LL, Perea W, Mulders MN, et al. Global challenges and solutions to achieving and sus- taining measles and rubella elimination. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Nov 9];48:e90. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648097/

11. Winter AK, Lambert B, Klein D, Klepac P, Papadopoulos T, Truelove S, et al. Feasibility of measles and rubella vaccination pro grammes for disease elimination: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health [Internet]. 2022 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];10(10). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9557212/

12. Central Asia is a hot spot for measles - WHO data | Eurasianet [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from:https://eurasia net.org/central-asia-is-a-hot-spot-for-measles-who-data
Для цитирования

Даданова Г.С., Нурматов З.Ш., Ишенапысова Г.С., Жумагулова Г.Ж. Тенденции и динамика кори и краснухи в Кыргызской Республике (2002–2025 гг.). Научно-практический журнал «Здравоохранение Кыргызстана» 2026, № 1, с. 62-69. https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
English
About authors

Dadanova Gulzada Saparbekovna, epidemiologist, Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis of the Ministry of Health, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Nurmatov Zuridin Sharipovich, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Head of the Scientific and Practical Center for the Control of Viral Infections of the National Institute of Public Health, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Ishenapysova Gulbara Satygulovna, Director of the Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis of the Ministry of Health, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Zhumagulova Gulnara Dzhumadylovna, Deputy Director of the Republican Center for Immunoprophylaxis, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Full text

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References

1. World Health Organization. Руководство ВОЗ по лабораторной диагностике кори и краснухи. 2007;

2. EXECUTIVE BOARD EB125/4 125th Session Global elimination of measles Report by the Secretariat. 2009;

3. Minta AA, Ferrari M, Antoni S, Lambert B, Sayi TS, Hsu CH, et al. Progress Toward Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000- 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Nov 14;73(45):1036-42.

4. European Region reports highest number of measles cases in more than 25 years - UNICEF, WHO/Europe [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/13-03-2025-european-region-reports-highest-number-of- measles-cases-in-more-than-25-years---unicef--who-europe

5. In Focus: From surviving to thriving Supporting health and well-being throughout childhood and adolescence in Europe and Central Asia.

6. Kyrgyzstan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision. 2024;

7. Popova AY, Smirnov VS, Egorova SA, Nurmatov ZS, Milichkina AM, Drozd IV, et al. Collective Immunity to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in the Kyrgyz Population. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet]. 2025 Mar 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];13(3):249. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/249/htm

8. Andrus JK, Rota PA, Papania M, Bahl S, Durrheim DN, Kretsinger K, et al. Progress and Challenges in Measles and Rubella Elimination in the WHO European Region. Vaccines 2024, Vol 12, Page 696 [Internet]. 2024 Jun 20 [cited 2025 Nov 13];12(6): 696. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/6/696/htm

9. Grant GB, Masresha BG, Moss WJ, Mulders MN, Rota PA, Omer SB, et al. Accelerating measles and rubella elimination through research and innovation - Findings from the Measles & Rubella Initiative research prioritization process, 2016. Vaccine [Internet]. 2019 Sep 10 [cited 2025 Nov 9];37(38):5754. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7412823/

10. Crowcroft NS, Minta AA, Antoni S, Ho LL, Perea W, Mulders MN, et al. Global challenges and solutions to achieving and sus- taining measles and rubella elimination. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2025 Nov 9];48:e90. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648097/

11. Winter AK, Lambert B, Klein D, Klepac P, Papadopoulos T, Truelove S, et al. Feasibility of measles and rubella vaccination pro grammes for disease elimination: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health [Internet]. 2022 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Nov 9];10(10). Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9557212/

12. Central Asia is a hot spot for measles - WHO data | Eurasianet [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Dec 8]. Available from:https://eurasia net.org/central-asia-is-a-hot-spot-for-measles-who-data
For citation

Dadanova G.S., Nurmatov Z.Sh., Ishenapysova G.S., Zhu - magulova G.J. Trends and Dynamics of Measles and Rubel la in the Kyrgyz Republic (2002–2025). Scientific and practical journal “Health care of Kyrgyzstan” 2026, No.1, p. 62- 69. https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
Kyrgyz
Авторлор жөнүндө

Даданова Гүлзада Сапарбековна, эпидемиолог, Саламаттыкты сактоо министрлигинин Республикалык иммунопрофилактика борборунун кызматкери, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

Нурматов Зуридин Шарипович, медицина илимдеринин доктору, улук илимий кызматкер, Улуттук коомдук саламаттыкты сактоо институтунун Вирустук инфекцияларды көзөмөлдөө боюнча илимий-практикалык борборунун жетекчиси, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

Ишенапысова Гүлбара Сатыгуловна, Саламаттыкты сактоо министрлигинин Республикалык иммунопрофилактика борборунун директору, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы

Жумагулова Гүлнара Жумадыловна, Республикалык иммунопрофилактика борборунун директорунун орун басары, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы
Шилтемелер

1. World Health Organization. Руководство ВОЗ по лабораторной диагностике кори и краснухи. 2007;

2. EXECUTIVE BOARD EB125/4 125th Session Global elimination of measles Report by the Secretariat. 2009;

3. Minta AA, Ferrari M, Antoni S, Lambert B, Sayi TS, Hsu CH, et al. Progress Toward Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000- 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Nov 14;73(45):1036-42.

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Цитата үчүн

Даданова Г.С., Нурматов З.Ш., Ишенапысова Г.С., Жумагулова Г.Ж. Кыргыз Республикасындагы кызамык жана кызылча оорусунун тенденциялары жана динамикасы (2002–2025-жж.). Кыргызстандын саламаттык сактоо
илимий-практикалык журналы 2026, № 1, б. 62-69. https://dx.doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg2026.1.3.7.62.69
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